If you have questions and comments, please contact, preferably via e-mail
Miguel A. Furman,Click here to go to Miguel's private website (password required).
Click here to go to Andy Sessler's 75th Birthday Celebration event website. This event took place at LBNL on March 15, 2003.
Click here to go to the ECLOUD04 website. This ICFA workshop took place at the Napa Embassy Suites on April 19-23, 2004. Click here to see the ECLOUD04 photos.
Click here to access my photos (sorry, not indexed, not edited) from Alan Jackson's retirement party, which took place on Aug. 2, 2008.
J. A. Crittenden, J. Conway, G. F. Dugan, M. A. Palmer, D. L. Rubin, J. Shanks, K. G. Sonnad, L. Boon, K. Harkay, T. Ishibashi, M. A. Furman, S. Guiducci, M. T. F. Pivi, and L. Wang, "Investigation into electron cloud effects in the International Linear Collider positron damping ring (PDF)", LBNL-6603E/CBP-945, March 2014. PRST-AB 17, 031002 (2014).
M. A. Furman, "Electron Cloud Effects in Accelerators (PDF)", LBNL-6011E/CBP- 912, Nov. 20, 2012. Invited talk, Proc. ECLOUD12 Workshop (Elba, Italy, June 5-8, 2012).
M. A. Furman, " Electron-Cloud Build-Up: Theory and Data (PDF)", LBNL-4504E/CBP-872, Mar. 25, 2011. Invited talk, Proc. 49th ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on Electron Cloud Physics ECLOUD10 (Cornell University, Oct. 8-12, 2010).
M. A. Furman, "ILC Damping Rings: Benefit of the Antechamber, or: Antechamber vs. SEY (PDF)", LBNL-4474E/CBP-874, Jan. 21, 2011. Invited talk, Proc. 49th ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on Electron Cloud Physics ECLOUD10 (Cornell University, Oct. 8-12, 2010).
M. A. Furman, "Ecloud Build-Up Simulations for the FNAL MI for a Mixed Fill Pattern: Dependence on Peak SEY and Pulse Intensity During the Ramp (PDF)", LBNL-4215E/CBP Note 868, Jan. 25, 2011.
M. A. Furman, R. De Maria, Y. Papaphilippou and G. Rumolo, "Electron-Cloud Build-Up Simulations in the Proposed PS2: Status Report (PDF)", LBNL-4531E/CBP Note 851, May 25, 2010. Proc. IPAC10 (Kyoto, Japan, 23-28 May, 2010), paper TUPD018.
M. A. Furman, "How to generate random numbers with a power (or any other) density (PDF)", CBP-Technote-406, 8 Oct. 2009. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, "Issues with Electron Cloud for Long-Term R&D and Possible Beam Tests (PDF)" CBP-TN-412. Talk presented at the Workshop "Future Directions for Accelerator R&D at FNAL" (Lake Geneva, WI, 11–13 May, 2009). This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, I. Kourbanis and R. M. Zwaska, "Status of Electron-Cloud Build-Up Simulations for the Main Injector (PDF)", LBNL-4626E/CBP-879, Proc. PAC09 (Vancouver, BC, 4-8 May 2009), paper TH5PFP032.
M. A. Furman, "Electron-Cloud Build-Up Simulations for the FNAL Main Injector: dependence on train length and bunch intensity at 53 MHz (PDF)", CBP-Technote-392, 6 Jan. 2009. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, "Electron-Cloud Build-Up Simulations for the FNAL Main Injector: 400 ns Bunch Spacing (PDF)", CBP-Technote-390, 13 Nov. 2008. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, "Electron-Cloud Build-Up Simulations for the FNAL Main Injector (PDF)", LBNL-1402E/CBP Tech Note 387, 14 Nov. 2008. Invited talk, Proc. HB2008 (Nashville, August 25-29, 2008), paper WGA17. The paper in my website incorporates minor revisions relative to the HB2008 published version.
C. M. Celata , Miguel A. Furman, J.-L. Vay, and Jennifer W. Yu, "Electron Cloud Cyclotron Resonances in the Presence of a Short-bunch-length Relativistic Beam", LBNL-1002E, CBP-795, July 2008, PRST-AB 11, 091002 (2008).
Kiran G. Sonnad, Miguel A. Furman and Jean-Luc Vay, "Progress on electron cloud effects calculations for the FNAL main injector (PDF)", LBNL-767E, 9 June 2008.
C. M. Celata, Miguel A. Furman, J.-L. Vay, and Jennifer W. Yu, "Electron Cyclotron Resonances in Electron Cloud Dynamics (PDF)", LBNL-704E, CBP-794, 23 June 2008. Proc. EPAC08 (Genoa, Italy, 23-27 June 2008), paper TUPP024.
M. T. F. Pivi, J. S. T. Ng, D. Arnett, F. Cooper, D. Kharakh, F. King, R. Kirby, B. Kuekan, J. J. Lipari, M. Munro, J. Olszewski, T. Raubenheimer, J. Seeman, B. Smith, C. M. Spencer, L. Wang, W. Wittmer, SLAC; C. M. Celata, M. A. Furman, LBNL, "A New Chicane Experiment in PEP-II to Test Mitigations of the Electron Cloud Effect for Linear Colliders (PDF)", SLAC-PUB-13283, LBNL-674E, CBP-796, 23 June 2008. Proc. EPAC08 (Genoa, 23-27 June 2008), paper MOPP063.
M. A. Furman, "Main Injector Upgrade R&D Collaboration on Electron Cloud Effects: Comparing the RF frequency of 53 MHz vs. 212 MHz (PDF)", CBP-Technote-386, 17 March 2008. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, " Electron-Cloud Build-Up Simulations for the MI RFA: A Status Report (PDF)", CBP-technote-387, 12 Nov. 2007. Presented at the Project X Workshop, FNAL, 12-13 Nov., 2007. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, "Electron-Cloud Crash Programme and US-LARP," presented at the Francesco Ruggiero Memorial Symposium, Proc. BEAM07 (CERN, Oct. 1-5, 2007), CARE-Conf-08-004-HHH, Oct. 2007. This is an unpublished presentation hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
O. S. Brüning, S. Myers, E. Picasso, W. Scandale, F. Zimmermann (editor), B. Zotter, J. S. Berg, C. Biscari, W. Chou, M. A. Furman, K. Hirata, A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo, S. Petracca, Q. Qin, "Francesco Ruggiero 1957-2007," Proc. BEAM07 (CERN, Oct. 1-5, 2007), CARE-Conf-08-004-HHH, Oct. 2007.
K. G. Sonnad, C. M. Celata, M. Furman, D. Grote, J.-L. Vay, M. Venturini, "Simulations of Electron Cloud Effects on the Beam Dynamics for the FNAL Main Injector Upgrade (PDF)", LBNL-63753, June 2007. Proc. PAC07 (Albuquerque, June 25-29, 2007), paper FRPMS028.
K. G. Sonnad, M. Furman, J. R. Cary, P. Stoltz, S. A. Veitzer, "Simulation of the Dynamics of Microwave Transmission Through an Electron Cloud, A Comparison of Results (PDF)," LBNL-63752, CBP-803, June 2007. Proc. PAC07 (Albuquerque, June 25-29, 2007), paper THPAS008.
M. Venturini, M. Furman, J.-L. Vay and M. T. F. Pivi, "Modelling of E-cloud Build-up in Grooved Vacuum Chambers Using POSINST (PDF)", LBNL-63110, June 2007, Proc. PAC07 (Albuquerque, June 25-29, 2007), paper THPMN118.
C. M. Celata, M. Furman, J.-L. Vay, M. Venturini, D. Grote, "Particle-in-Cell Calculations of the Electron Cloud in the ILC Positron Damping Ring Wigglers (PDF)", LBNL-63121, June 2007. Proc. PAC07 (Albuquerque, June 25-29, 2007), paper TUPMN108.
M. A. Furman, C. M. Celata, M. Kireeff Covo, K. G. Sonnad, J.-L. Vay, M. Venturini, R. Cohen, A. Friedman, D. Grote, A. Molvik, P. Stoltz, "Self-consistent 3D Modeling of Electron Cloud Dynamics and Beam Response (PDF)", LBNL-62257, June 2007. Proc. PAC07 (Albuquerque, June 25-29, 2007), paper TUXAB03 (invited talk).
M. A. Furman, "Electric field of a 2D elliptical charge distribution inside a cylindrical conductor (PDF)", LBNL-62704, May 29, 2007. PRST-AB 10, 081001 (2007). Erratum: PRST-AB 10, 099901 (2007).
M. A. Furman, "ECLOUD in PS2, PS+, SPS+: an Update, (PDF)", LBNL-61925-update, May 22, 2007. Invited contribution, Proc. ECL2 Workshop (CERN, March 1-2, 2007).
K. G. Sonnad, M. A. Furman, S. Veitzer, P. Stoltz and J. Cary, "Preliminary analysis and simulation results of microwave transmission through an electron cloud (PDF)", LBNL-863E, June 2007. Proc. ECLOUD07 Workshop (Daegu, S. Korea, April 9-12, 2007).
M. A. Furman, "Electron-Cloud Build-up: Summary (PDF)", LBNL-62849, June 19, 2007. Proc. ECLOUD07 Workshop (Daegu, S. Korea, April 9-12, 2007).
K. G. Sonnad, M. A. Furman, J.-L. Vay, M. Venturini, C. Celata and D. Grote, "Electron Cloud Induced Instabilities in the Fermilab Main Injectors (MI) for the High Intensity Neutrino Source (HINS) Project (PDF)", LBNL-63754, Sept. 2007. Proc. ECLOUD07 Workshop (Daegu, S. Korea, April 9-12, 2007).
C. M. Celata, M. A. Furman, J.-L. Vay and D. P. Grote, "Using WARP-POSINST for Calculation of the Electron Cloud in the ILC Positron Damping Ring Wigglers (PDF)", LBNL-63714, June 2007. Proc. ECLOUD07 Workshop (Daegu, S. Korea, April 9-12, 2007).
M. A. Furman, "Electron-Cloud Build-up in the FNAL Main Injector (PDF)", LBNL-62738, June 4, 2007. Proc. ECLOUD07 Workshop (Daegu, S. Korea, April 9-12, 2007).
Kiran G. Sonnad, Miguel A. Furman and Jean-Luc Vay, "A preliminary report on electron cloud effects on beam dynamics for the FNAL main injector upgrade (PDF)", CBP Technote-369, January 16, 2007. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, "HINS R&D Collaboration on Electron Cloud Effects: MI ecloud build-up simulations at the electron detector location (PDF)", CBP Technote-367, Dec. 5, 2006. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, K. Sonnad and J.-L. Vay, "HINS R&D Collaboration on Electron Cloud Effects: Midyear Report (PDF)", LBNL-61921/CBP-761/FERMILAB-TM-2370-AD, Nov. 7, 2006.
M. A. Furman, "ECLOUD in PS2, PS+, SPS+", LBNL-61925, CBP Note 762, Nov. 7 2006; invited talk, Proc. LHC LUMI 2006 CARE-HHH-APD Workshop "Towards a Roadmap for the Upgrade of the CERN and GSI Accelerator Complex" (IFIC, Valencia, Spain, 16-20 October 2006).
M. A. Furman, "HINS R&D Collaboration on Electron Cloud Effects: Midyear Progress Report (PDF)", CBP-Technote-364/FERMILAB-TM-2369-AD, 22 September 2006. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, "Studies of e-cloud build up for the FNAL main injector and for the LHC (PDF)", LBNL-60512/CBP Note-736, June 15, 2006. Invited talk presented at the 39th ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High Intensity High Brightness Hadron Beams "HB2006" (Tsukuba, May 29-June 2nd, 2006), paper TUAX05.
M. A. Furman and V. H. Chaplin, "Update on electron-cloud power deposition for the Large Hadron Collider arc dipoles (PDF)", LBNL-59062/CBP-Note-723, Feb. 28, 2006. PRST-AB 9, 034403 (2006).
M. A. Furman, "A preliminary assessment of the electron cloud effect for the FNAL main injector upgrade (PDF)", LBNL-57634/CBP-Note-712/FERMILAB-PUB-05-258-AD, Sept. 19, 2005 (includes slight revisions June 23, 2006). A slightly modified version is published in the New Journal of Physics Focus Issue: Accelerator and Beam Physics, New J. Phys. 8 (2006), 279.
J.-L. Vay, M. A. Furman (LBNL), R. H. Cohen, A. Friedman and D. P. Grote (LLNL), "Initial Self-Consistent 3D Electron-Cloud Simulations of the LHC Beam with the Code WARP+POSINST (PDF)", LBNL-57600/CBP-Note-698, May 13, 2005. Proc. PAC05 (Knoxville, TN, May 16-20, 2005), paper FPAPA016.
R. Macek (LANL) and M. A. Furman (LBNL), "Summary of the ECLOUD'04 Workshop", invited talk by R. Macek, Proc. 33rd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High Intensity and High Brightness Hadron Beams "ICFA-HB2004" (Bensheim, Germany, October 18-22, 2004). LBNL-57160, Feb 24, 2004.
Frank Zimmermann, Elena Benedetto, Francesco Ruggiero, Daniel Schulte (CERN, Geneva); Michael Blaskiewicz, Lanfa Wang (BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York); Giulia Bellodi (CCLRC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon); Giovanni Rumolo (GSI, Darmstadt); Kazuhito Ohmi, Su Su Win (KEK, Ibaraki); Miguel Furman (LBNL/AFRD, Berkeley, California); Yunhai Cai, Mauro Torino Francesco Pivi (SLAC, Menlo Park, California); Viktor K Decyk, Warren Mori (UCLA, Los Angeles, California); Ali Feiz Ghalam, Tom Katsouleas (USC, Los Angeles, California), "Review and Comparison of Simulation Codes Modeling Electron-Cloud Build Up and Instabilities", Proc. EPAC04 (Lucerne, Switzerland, 5-9 July 2004) paper THPLT017. LBNL-55239, July 2004.
Ji Qiang, Miguel A. Furman and Robert D. Ryne (LBNL), Wolfram Fischer (BNL), and Kazuhito Ohmi (KEK), "Recent Advances of Strong-Strong Beam-Beam Simulation", Proc. Eighth International Computational Accelerator Physics Conference ICAP 2004 (St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia, June 28 - July 2, 2004); LBNL-56360, Sept. 21, 2004.
M. A.
Furman, “ECLOUD04 Workshop (Napa,
California, April 19-23, 2004),” LBNL-56110, Aug. 2004. Published as Sec.
5.2.1 of the ICFA
Beam Dynamics Newsletter No. 33 (PDF) (April 2004), p. 215.
M. A.
Furman, “Electron cloud build-up in
hadron machines,” LBNL-56109, Aug. 2004. Published as Sec. 2.9 of the ICFA Beam Dynamics
Newsletter No. 33 (PDF) (April 2004), p. 70.
M. A.
Furman, "Goals for the Workshop
(PDF)," LBNL-57166. Proc. 31st ICFA
Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on Electron-Cloud Effects "ECLOUD'04"
(Napa, CA, 19-23 Apr. 2004).
M. A.
Furman, "Closing Remarks
(PDF)," LBNL-57165. Proc. 31st ICFA
Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on Electron-Cloud Effects "ECLOUD'04"
(Napa, CA, 19-23 Apr 2004).
J.-L.
Vay, M. A. Furman, A. W. Azevedo, R. H. Cohen, A. Friedman, D. P. Grote, P. H.
Stoltz, S. A. Veitzer, "Status
Report on the Merging of Electron-Cloud Code POSINST with 3-D Accelerator PIC
code WARP (PDF)," LBNL-57173. Proc. 31st ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics
Workshop on Electron-Cloud Effects "ECLOUD'04"
(Napa, CA, 19-23 Apr 2004).
R.
Cimino (LNF-INFN-Frascati and CERN), I. R. Collins (CERN), M. A. Furman (LBNL),
M. Pivi (SLAC), F. Ruggiero (CERN), G. Rumolo (GSI Darmstadt), and F.
Zimmermann (CERN), "Can
Low Energy Electrons Affect High Energy Physics Accelerators?,"
CERN-AB-2004-012 (ABP), LBNL-54594, SLAC-PUB-10350, February 9, 2004; Phys.
Rev. Lett. 93,
014801 (2004).
Ji
Qiang, Miguel A. Furman and Robert D. Ryne (LBNL), "A Parallel
Particle-In-Cell Model for Beam-Beam Interaction in High Energy Ring
Colliders," LBNL-54598, May 2004. J.
Comp. Phys. 198, Issue 1, 20 July
2004, Pages 278-294.
Y. Cai,
M. Pivi (SLAC), M.A. Furman (LBNL), "Buildup of
Electron Cloud in the PEP-II Particle Accelerator in the Presence of a Solenoid
Field and with Different Bunch Pattern" (PDF), SLAC-PUB-10164, LBNL-54689,
Sep 2003; published: PRST-AB paper
v7/i2/e024402.
J.
Qiang, M. Furman, R. D. Ryne, W. Fischer, T. Sen and M. Xiao, "Parallel Strong-Strong/Strong-Weak
Simulations of Beam-Beam Interaction in Hadron Accelerators" (PDF),
LBNL-53638, August 2003; Proc. 29th
ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop: Beam Halo Dynamics, Diagnostics, and
Collimation (HALO'03) and 3rd Workshop on Beam-Beam Interactions), BNL, May
19-23, 2003.
M. A. Furman, "The Moller Luminosity Factor" (PDF), LBNL-53553/CBP Note-543, Aug. 28, 2003.
M. A. Furman and M. T. F. Pivi, "A Preliminary Comparative Study of the Electron-Cloud Effect for the PSR, ISIS and the ESS" (PDF), LBNL-52872/CBP Note 516, June 23, 2003.
M. A. Furman and M. T. F. Pivi, "Simulation of Secondary Electron Emission Based on a Phenomenological Probabilistic Model" (PDF), LBNL-52807/SLAC-PUB-9912, June 2, 2003.
Yunhai Cai, Mauro Pivi (SLAC), Miguel Furman (LBL, Berkeley), "Buildup of Electron Cloud with Different Bunch Pattern in the Presence of Solenoid Field" (PDF), SLAC-PUB-9813, LBNL-54688, May, 2003; contributed to the PAC03, Portland, OR, May 12-16, 2003, paper WOAA004.
R. H. Cohen, A. Friedman, M. A. Furman, S. M. Lund, A. W. Molvik, P. Stoltz, J.-L. Vay, "Stray-Electron Accumulation and Effects in HIF Accelerators" (PDF), UCRL-JC-153199, LBNL-53100, June 23, 2003; presented at the PAC03, Portland, OR, May 12-16, 2003, paper TOAA010.
A. W. Molvik, D. Baca, F. M. Bieniosek, R. H. Cohen, A. Friedman, M. A. Furman, E. P. Lee, S. M. Lund, L. Prost, A. Sakumi, P. A. Seidl, J.-L. Vay, "Initial Experimental Studies of Electron Accumulation in a Heavy-Ion Beam" (PDF), LBNL-52532, May 2003; presented at the PAC03, Portland, OR, May 12-16, 2003, paper TOPC004.
M. A. Furman, "Formation and Dissipation of the Electron Cloud" (PDF), LBNL-51829, May 20, 2003; invited talk presented at the PAC03, Portland, OR, May 12-16, 2003, paper TOPC001.
A. Adelmann and M. A. Furman, "PARSEC: Parallel Self-consistent 3D Electron-Cloud Simulation in Arbitrary External Fields" (PDF), LBNL-51797, May 20, 2003; poster presented at the PAC03, Portland, OR, May 12-16, 2003, paper FPAG030.
Yunhai Cai, Mauro Pivi (SLAC), Miguel Furman (LBNL), "Build Up of Electron Cloud with Different Bunch Pattern in the Presence of Solenoid Field" (PDF), LBNL-51832, May 2003; talk presented at the PAC03, Portland, OR, May 12-16, 2003, paper WOAA004.
M. Pivi, T. O. Raubenheimer (SLAC), M. A. Furman (LBNL), "Recent Electron-Cloud Simulation Results for the Main Damping Rings of the NLC and TESLA Linear Colliders" (PDF), LBNL-52710, May 2003; poster presented at the PAC03, Portland, OR, May 12-16, 2003, paper RPPG023.
M. Pivi (SLAC), M. A. Furman (LBNL), "Mitigation of the Electron-Cloud Effect in the PSR and SNS Proton Storage Rings by Tailoring the Bunch Profile" (PDF), LBNL-52709, May 2003; poster presented at the PAC03, Portland, OR, May 12-16, 2003, paper RPPG024.
J. Wei, M. Blaskiewicz, J. Brodowski, P. Cameron, D. Davino, A. Fedotov, P. He, H. Hseuh, Y. Y. Lee, H. Ludewig, W. Meng, D. Raparia, J. Tuozzolo, S. Y. Zhang (BNL), A. Aleksandrov, S. Cousineau, V. Danilov, S. Henderson (ORNL), M. Furman (LBNL), M. Pivi (SLAC), R. Macek (LANL), N. Catalan-Lasheras (CERN), "Electron-Cloud Mitigation in the Spallation Neutron Source Ring" (PDF), LBNL-51828, May 2003; poster presented at the PAC03, Portland, OR, May 12-16, 2003, paper WPPG004.
P. H. Stoltz (Tech-X Corp.), M. A. Furman and J.-L. Vay (LBNL), A. W. Molvik and R. H. Cohen (LLNL), "Numerical Simulation of the Generation of Secondary Electrons in the High Current Experiment" (PDF), LBNL-52223, April 2003; PRST-AB paper v6/i5/e054701.
M. Blaskiewicz (BNL), M. A. Furman, M. Pivi (LBNL) and R. J. Macek (LANL), "Electron-Cloud Instabilities in the Proton Storage Ring and Spallation Neutron Source" (PDF), LBNL-51661, December 11, 2002; PRST-AB paper v6/i1/e014203 (2003).
Ryne, Robert D.; Adelmann, Andreas; Esarey, Eric; Friedman, Alex; Furman, Miguel; Leemans, Wim; Pivi, Mauro; Qiang, Ji; Schroeder, Carl; Siegerist, Cristina; Shadwick, Bradley; Vay, Jean-Luc, "The synthesis of accelerator science and advanced computing," LBNL/PUB-873, informational brochure presented at the Supercomputing Conference 2002 SC'02, Baltimore, Nov. 16-22, 2002.
M. A. Furman and M. T. F. Pivi, "Probabilistic Model for the Simulation of Secondary Electron Emission" (PDF), LBNL-49771/CBP Note-415, November 6, 2002; PRST-AB paper v5/i12/e124404 (2003). Erratum: PRST-AB 16, 069901(E) (2013)
M. T. F. Pivi and M. A. Furman, "Electron Cloud Development in the Proton Storage Ring and in the Spallation Neutron Source" (PDF) , LBNL-51618, October 16, 2002; PRST-AB paper v6/i3/e034201.
Ji Qiang, Miguel A. Furman and Robert D. Ryne, "Strong-strong beam-beam simulation using a Green function approach", LBNL-51283, Nov. 1st, 2002; PRST-AB paper v5/i10/e104402.
M. A. Furman and M. Pivi, "Electron-Cloud Simulation Results for the SPS and Recent Results for the LHC" (PDF), LBNL-50765, CBP Note-439, July 1st, 2002. This is a slightly expanded version of our paper of the same title in the Proc. EPAC02, Paris, June 3-7, 2002.
M. Pivi and M. A. Furman, "Electron-Cloud Updated Simulation Results for the PSR, and Recent Results for the SNS" (PDF), LBNL-50513, CBP Note-428, June 19, 2002; Proc. EPAC02, Paris, June 3-7, 2002, paper WEPDO006.
J. Wei, M. Blaskiewicz, J. Brodowski, P. Cameron, D. Davino, A. Fedotov, H. Hahn, H. Hseuh, Y. Y. Lee, D. Raparia, S.Y. Zhang, BNL; V. Danilov, S. Henderson, J. Holmes, J.G. Wang, ORNL; M. Furman, M. Pivi, LBNL; S. Kurennoy, R. Macek, LANL, "Collective Effects and Their Control at the Spallation Neutron Source Ring" (PDF), LBNL-52161, Proc. EPAC02, Paris, June 3-7, 2002, paper THPLE014.
M. A. Furman, ECLOUD_02 viewgraphs (PPT), CERN ECLOUD02 Workshop, April 2002. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. Pivi and M. A. Furman, "Electron-Cloud Simulation Results for the PSR and SNS" (PDF), LBNL-51038, CBP Note-441, June 19, 2002. Proc. ECLOUD02 Workshop, CERN, 15-18 April 2002, CERN Yellow Report CERN-2002-001.
K. C. Harkay and R. A. Rosenberg (ANL); M. A. Furman and M. Pivi (LBNL), "Simulations of Electron Cloud Build-Up and Saturation in the APS" (PDF), LBNL-50764, CBP Note-438, June 19, 2002, Proc. ECLOUD02 Workshop, CERN, 15-18 April 2002, CERN Yellow Report CERN-2002-001.
M. A. Furman, "Summary of Session III" (PDF), LBNL-50762, CBP Note-440, June 19, 2002. Proc. ECLOUD02 Workshop, CERN, 15-18 April 2002, CERN Yellow Report CERN-2002-001.
M. Pivi, Movie of PSR simulation (true secondary electrons only), ca. 2002.
M. A. Furman, "Moments for General Quadratic Densities in n Dimensions" (PDF), LBNL-48548, CBP Note-400, March 21, 2002.
M. A. Furman and M. Pivi, "Updated Electron-Cloud Simulation Results for the Large Hadron Collider LHC" (PDF), LBNL-48380, CBP Note-396, June 26, 2001; Proc. PAC01, Chicago, June 18-22, 2001, p. 1898.
Y. Cai, S. Heifets, J. Seeman, M. Furman and M. Pivi, "New Simulation Results for the Electron-Cloud Effect at the PEP-II Positron Ring" (PDF), LBNL-48381, CBP Note-397, SLAC-PUB-8885, June 26, 2001; Proc. PAC01, Chicago, June 18-22, 2001, p. 698.
M. A. Furman and M. Pivi, "Simulation Results for the Electron-Cloud at the PSR" (PDF), LBNL-48382, CBP Note-398, June 26, 2001; Proc. PAC01, Chicago, June 18-22, 2001, p. 707.
M. A. Furman, M. Pivi, K. C. Harkay and R. A. Rosenberg, "Electron-Cloud Measurements and Simulations for the APS" (PDF), LBNL-48383, CBP Note-399, June 26, 2001, Proc. PAC01, Chicago, June 18-22, 2001, p. 679.
M. A. Furman and W. C. Turner, "Beam-Beam Simulation for Separated Beams in the LHC" (PDF), LBNL-46223, CBP Note 350, June, 2000, Proc. EPAC-2000, Vienna, June 26-30, 2000, p. 1196.
M. A. Furman, "Beam-Beam Simulation for Separated Beams" (PDF), LBNL-45363/CBP Note 333, March 2000; Proc. "US-LHC Collaboration Mtg. on Accelerator Physics Experiments for Future Hadron Colliders," BNL, Feb. 22-23, 2000, (BNL-52601 Formal Report), W. Fischer and F. Pilat, eds., p. 50.
M. A. Furman, "Summary: Electron-Cloud Effects and Fast-Ion Instability" (PDF), LBNL-45349/CBP Note 332, March 2000, invited summary talk presented at the 8th ICFA Beam Dynamics Mini-Workshop on Two-Stream Instabilities in Particle Accelerators and Storage Rings, Santa Fe, NM, February 16-18, 2000; to be published in the ICFA Beam Dynamics Newsletter.
M. A. Furman, "The Electron-Cloud Effect" (PDF), LBNL-40351/CBP Note-227/PEP-II/AP Note 98.03, May 15, 1998 (updated Nov. 30, 2001); published: Sec. 2.4.12, "Handbook of Accelerator Physics and Engineering: A Compilation of Formulae and Data," A. Chao and M. Tigner, eds., World Scientific, 1999 (2nd printing, 2002). Click here for the 3rd printing version (Dec. 2005).
C. M. Ankenbrandt et. al., "Status of muon collider research and development and future plans" (PDF), PRST-AB vol. 2, 081001 (1999), LBNL-41935.
M. A. Furman, "Decoherence" (PDF), LBNL-40352/CBP Note-228, May 12, 1998; published: Sec. 2.3.9, "Handbook of Accelerator Physics and Engineering: A Compilation of Formulae and Data," A. Chao and M. Tigner, eds., World Scientific, 1999 (2nd printing, 2002).
M. A. Furman and M. S. Zisman, "Luminosity" (PDF), LBNL-40178/CBP Note-229, May 12, 1998; published: Sec. 3.1.1, "Handbook of Accelerator Physics and Engineering: A Compilation of Formulae and Data," A. Chao and M. Tigner, eds., World Scientific, 1999 (2nd printing, 2002).. Click here for the 3rd printing version (Dec. 2005).
M. A. Furman, "Lorentz Stripping of H- Ions" (PDF), LBNL-42722/CBP Note-287, Feb. 18, 1999; published: Sec. 7.1.7, "Handbook of Accelerator Physics and Engineering: A Compilation of Formulae and Data," A. Chao and M. Tigner, eds., World Scientific, 1999 (2nd printing, 2002).
M. Zisman and T. Himel, "Commissioning of the PEP-II Low-Energy Ring" (PDF) , LBNL-43040, CBP-Note-298, Proc. PAC99, New York City, March 29-April 2, 1999.
U. Wienands et. al., "Beam Commissioning of the PEP-II High-Energy Ring" (PDF), SLAC-REPRINT-1999-026, LBNL-1130E, Proc. PAC99 (New York City, March 29-April 2, 1999), paper THP20.
S. Krishnagopal, M. A. Furman and W. C. Turner, "Studies of the Beam-Beam Interaction for the LHC" (PDF), LBNL-43061, CBP Note 308, March 29, 1999, Proc. PAC99, New York City, March 29-April 2, 1999, p. 1674.
M. A. Furman and A. A. Zholents, "Incoherent Effects Driven by the Electron Cloud" (PDF), LBNL-42688, CBP Note 286, March 29, 1999, Proc. PAC99, New York City, March 29-April 2, 1999, p. 1794 (TUP130).
M. A. Furman, "Beam-Beam Effect and Dynamic Aperture of the Muon Collider" (PDF), LBNL-42687, CBP Note 285, March 29, 1999, Proc. PAC99, New York City, March 29-April 2, 1999, p. 1791 (TUP129).
M. A. Furman, "Beam-Beam Simulations with the Gaussian Code TRS" (PDF), LBNL-42669/CBP Note-272/PEP-II AP Note 99.02, Jan. 6, 1999; invited talk, Proc. 1998 Intl. Computational Accelerator Physics Conf., Monterey, CA, USA, Sept. 14-18, 1998, p. 117 (paper F-Th22) (SLAC-R-580, eConf: C980914).
M. A. Furman, "The Electron-Cloud Effect in the Arcs of the LHC" (PDF), LBNL-41482/CBP Note 247/LHC Project Report 180, May 20, 1998.
U. Wienands et. al., "First Beam Commissioning Results from the PEP-II B-Factory High Energy Ring: Beam Optics" (PDF), Proc. 14th Advanced ICFA Workshop on "Beam dynamics issues for e+e- factories," Frascati, 20-25 Oct. 1997, pp. 263-268.
U. Wienands et. al., "First Beam Commissioning Results from the PEP-II B-Factory High Energy Ring: Intensity Effects" (PDF), Proc. 14th Advanced ICFA Workshop on "Beam dynamics issues for e+e- factories," Frascati, 20-25 Oct. 1997, pp. 379-384.
M. A. Furman, "The Electron-Cloud Effect in PEP-II" (PDF), LBNL-41604/CBP Note-250, March 23, 1998; contributed talk, Proc. 14th Advanced ICFA Workshop on "Beam dynamics issues for e+e- factories," Frascati, 20-25 Oct. 1997, pp. 425-428.
M. A. Furman, "Beam-beam Issues for High-Luminosity e+e- Colliders" (PDF), LBNL-41603/CBP Note-249, March 23, 1998; invited plenary talk, Proc. 14th Advanced ICFA Workshop on "Beam dynamics issues for e+e- factories," Frascati, 20-25 Oct. 1997, pp. 123-138.
M. A. Furman and G. R. Lambertson, "The Electron-Cloud Instability in the Arcs of the PEP-II Positron Ring" (PDF), LBNL-41123/CBP Note-246, PEP-II AP Note AP 97.27, November 25, 1997; Proc. Intl. Workshop on Multibunch Instabilities in Future Electron and Positron Accelerators (MBI-97), KEK, Tsukuba, Japan, 15-18 July 1997, KEK Proceedings 97-17, Dec. 1997 (Y. H. Chin, ed.), p. 170.
M. A. Furman, "Comments on the Electron-Cloud Effect in the LHC Dipole Bending Magnets" (PDF), LBNL-40914/CBP Note-241, October 17, 1997; Proc. Intl. Workshop on Multibunch Instabilities in Future Electron and Positron Accelerators (MBI-97), KEK, Tsukuba, Japan, 15-18 July 1997, KEK Proceedings 97-17, Dec. 1997 (Y. H. Chin, ed.), p. 234.
M.
A. Furman and G. R. Lambertson, "The
Electron-Cloud Instability in PEP-II: An Update" (PDF), LBNL-40256/CBP
Note-224/PEP-II AP Note 97.07May 1997, Proc. PAC97,
Vancouver, BC, May 12-16, 1997, p. 1617.
M. A. Furman and G. R. Lambertson, "The Electron-Cloud Instability in PEP-II" (PDF), LBNL-38220/PEP-II AP 96-03/CBP Note-173, June 1996; Proc. EPAC96, Barcelona, Spain, June 10-14, 1996, p. 1087.
M. A. Furman, "The Classical Beam-Beam Interaction for the Muon Collider: A First Look" (PDF), LBL-38563/BF-19/CBP Note-169, April 25, 1996; published as section 8.6 of: "mu+mu- Collider: A Feasibility Study," BNL-52503/Fermi Lab-Conf-96-092/LBNL-38946, July 1996; and Proc. 1996 Snowmass Workshop "New Directions for High-Energy Physics."
J. Schwinger, "On Radiation by Electrons in a Betatron," 1945 (PDF), transcribed by M. A. Furman, July 29, 1996 (LBNL-39088/CBP Note-179). Published in "A Quantum Legacy: Seminal Papers of Julian Schwinger," Kimball A. Milton, ed., World Scientific, May 2000. p. 307..
M. A. Furman, "Parasitic Collisions in PEP-II" (PDF), LBNL-42683/PEP-II AP Note 95.38, Aug. 1st, 1995, invited talk, Proc. Seventh Advanced ICFA Workshop on Beam Dynamics, JINR, Dubna, Russia, 18-20 May, 1995, pp. 36-47.
M. A. Furman, A. Zholents, T. Chen and D. Shatilov, "Comparisons of Beam-Beam Simulations" (PDF), LBL-37680/CBP Note-152/PEP-II AP Note 95.39; contributed talk, Proc. Seventh Advanced ICFA Workshop on Beam Dynamics, JINR, Dubna, Russia, 18-20 May, 1995, pp. 123-142.
M. A. Furman, A. Zholents, T. Chen and D. Shatilov, "Comparisons of Beam-Beam Code Simulations" (PDF), CBP Tech Note-59, PEP-II/AP Note 95-04, March 14, 1996. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
T. O. Raubenheimer, K. L. F. Bane, J. S. Berg, J. Byrd, J. Corlett, M. A. Furman, S. Heifets, K. Kubo, M. Minty, B. Scott, K. A. Thompson, P. B. Wilson and F. Zimmermann, "Collective Effects in the NLC Damping Ring Designs" , SLAC-PUB-95-6843/LBL-37125, Proc. PAC95, Dallas, TX, May 1-6, 1995, p. 2986.
M. A. Furman, "Compensation of the "Pacman" Tune Spread by Tailoring the Beam Current" (PDF), LBL-36471, December 2, 1994, Proc. PAC95, Dallas, TX, May 1-6, 1995, p. 2916.
M. A. Furman, "The Particle Density of a Gaussian Beam Matched to the Dynamical Beta Function", CBP Tech Note 61, PEP-II/AP Note 16-94, September 16, 1994 (includes slight revisions July 25, 1997; added simulations Oct. 25, 1999). This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
W. Barry, J. Byrd, J. Corlett, M. Furman, G. Lambertson, R. Rimmer, A. Zholents and M. Zisman, "Criteria for Beam Abort in PEP-II" (PDF), PEP-II AP Note 9-94, CBP Tech Note 55, June 29, 1994. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. Furman, J. Byrd and S. Chattopadhyay, "Beam Instabilities" (PDF), LBL-35528/CBP-074, May 1994; published in: "Synchrotron Radiation Sources-A Primer", H. Winick, ed., World Scientific Publishing Co., 1994, chapter 12.
M. A. Furman, "Closed Orbit Distortion from Parasitic Collisions in PEP-II" (PDF), LBL-34958, CBP Note-058, PEP-II AP Note 12-94, June 1994; published: Proc. EPAC94, London, England, June 27-July 1, 1994, p. 1147
M. A. Furman, "Beam-Beam Tune Shift and Dynamical Beta Function in PEP-II" (PDF), LBL-34957, CBP Note-057, PEP-II AP Note 13-94, June 1994; published: Proc. EPAC94, London, England, June 27-July 1, 1994, p. 1145
J. Seeman et. al., "Design Status of the High-Energy Ring of the PEP-II B Factory” (scanned PDF), Proc. EPAC94, London, June 27-July 1, 1994.
M. A. Furman, "Compact Complex Expressions for the Electric Field of 2-D Elliptical Charge Distributions" (PDF), LBL-34682/CBP Note 014/PEP-II/AP Note 34-93; Am. J. Phys. 62 (12), 1994, pp. 1134-1140.
M. A. Furman, "Dynamical Beta Function And Beam-Beam Tune Shift For PEP-II," PEP-II/AP Note 4-93, ESG Tech Note-232, Jan. 3, 1994. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, "Scaling Rules for Unequal Beam-Beam Parameters", PEP-II/AP Note 7-92, ESG Tech Note 219, Sept. 24, 1993 (corrected Sep. 28, 1993). This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, "Closed-Orbit Distortions for "Typical" and "Pacman" Bunches Induced by the Parasitic Collisions", PEP-II/AP Note 22-93/CBP Technote 022, July, 1993. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, "Beam-Beam Simulations with Displaced Beams for PEP-II", PEP-II/AP Note 14-93, CBP Tech Note 011, March 1993 (includes revisions Apr. 7, 1993). This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
J. R. Eden and M. A. Furman, "Simulation of the Beam-Beam Interaction for PEP-II with Unequal Beam-Beam Parameters," PEP-II/AP Note 6-92, ESG Tech Note 216, Feb. 1993, text and figures. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
J. R. Eden and M. A. Furman, "Simulation of the Beam-Beam Interaction with Tune Compensation," PEP-II/AP Note 4-92, ESG Tech Note 213, Jan. 1993, text and figures. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
J. R. Eden and M. A. Furman, "Further Assessments of the Beam-Beam Effect for PEP-II Designs APIARY 6.3D and APIARY 7.5," PEP-II/AP Note 2-92, ESG Tech Note 210, Oct. 1992, pages 1-13 and pages 14-31. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, Y.-H. Chin, J. Eden, W. Kozanecki, J. Tennyson and V. Ziemann, "Closed Orbit Distortion and the Beam-Beam Interaction," LBL-32435/ESG-193/DAPNIA/SPP 92-03/ABC-49, June 1, 1992; text (PDF) and figures (PDF)
M. A. Furman, Y.-H. Chin, J. Eden, W. Kozanecki, J. Tennyson and V. Ziemann, "Beam-Beam Diagnostics from Closed-Orbit Distortion" (PDF), LBL-31888/SLAC-PUB-5742/ESG-167/UC-414, July 1992; Proc. 15th. Intl. Conf. on High Energy Accelerators, Hamburg, July 20-24, 1992, p. 1139.
J. R. Eden and M. A. Furman, "Assessment of the Beam-Beam Effect for Various Operating Scenarios in APIARY 6.3D," ABC 62, ESG Tech Note 186, May 1992, pages 1-24 and pages 25-52. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, "Hourglass Effects for Asymmetric Colliders" (PDF), LBL-30833/ESG-137, May 1992; Proc. PAC91, San Francisco, CA, May 6-9, 1991, p. 422.
M. A. Furman, "The Hourglass Reduction Factor for Asymmetric Colliders", ABC-21/ESG-technote-161, April 1991 (includes minor revisions: 8/91; 10/99; 4/02; 10/03). This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman and P. Morton, "The Laslett Tune Shift for the B Factory", ABC-35/ESG-167, July 1991. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
N. Mahale and M. A. Furman, "Debunching and Capture in the LEB for the SSC", LBL-30794/SSCL-409Rev., Proc. PAC91, San Francisco, CA, May 6-9, 1991, p. 386.
M. A. Furman, "RAMPRF: A Program for Synchronous Acceleration", LBL-30812, Proc. PAC91, San Francisco, CA, May 6-9, 1991, p. 300.
M. A. Furman, "Luminosity Formulas for Asymmetric Colliders with Beam Symmetries", ABC-25/ESG technote 163, February 1991 (includes revisions Sep. 1991). This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, "A Sympletic Coherent Beam-Beam Model" (scanned PDF), LBL-27351/ESG-71, Proc. 3rd Advanced ICFA Beam Dynamics Workshop (Novosibirsk, USSR, May 29-June 3, 1989), p. 52.
J. M. Peterson and M. A. Furman, "Beam Synchronization and SSC Filling Time Considerations" (PDF), SSCL-A-5, August 1989.
M. Furman and F. Schmidt, "Reduction of the Dynamical Aperture due to Tune Modulation" (scanned PDF), SSCL-N-718, CERN SPS/89-1 (AMS), SI-AP-6, ESG Technote-149, August 1989.
M. A. Furman and S. Peggs, "A Standard for the Smear" (PDF), SSC-N-634, April 1st, 1989. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman and D. E. Johnson, "A Possible Design of the Linac-to-LEB Injection Girder for 1133 MeV H- Ions" (PDF), SSC-N-564, December 1988 (includes minor revisions Feb. 2002).
L. K. Chen and M. A. Furman, "A Possible New Design of the SSC Boosters" (scanned PDF), SSC-164, November 1988.
A. W. Chao, M. A. Furman and K. Y. Ng, "A Possible Symplectic Coherent Beam-Beam Model" (scanned PDF), Proc. EPAC88 (Rome, June 7-11, 1988), p. 684.
M. A. Furman, K. Y. Ng and A. W. Chao, "A Symplectic Model of Coherent Beam-Beam Quadrupole Modes," SSC-174, April 1988.
M. A. Furman, "Bunch Tilt due to Transverse Impedances in the SSC" (scanned PDF) , SSC-N-481, March 1988.
M. A. Furman and J. M. Peterson, "Linear Space-Charge Tune Shifts for the SSC and its Injectors" (PDF), SSC-N-403, November 1987 (incorporates erratum dated 6/24/1988 and minor revisions in 2/02).
R. E. Meller, A. W. Chao, J. M. Peterson, S. G. Peggs and M. A. Furman,"Decoherence of Kicked Beams" (scanned PDF), SSC-N-360, May 1987
M. A. Furman, "Intrabeam Scattering Growth Rates for the 90 deg Lattice" (scanned PDF), SSC-N-430, December 1987.
M. A. Furman, "Practical Approximations for the Electric Field of Elliptical Beams" (PDF), SSC-N-312, April 1987. This is an internal note hence not publicly accessible. To obtain a copy, kindly send me a message.
M. A. Furman, H. Lee and B. Zotter, "Energy Loss of Bunched Beam in SSC RF Cavities" (PDF), SSC-116, March 1987 (includes minor revisions 11/99, 2/02); Proc. PAC87, Washington, DC, March 16-19, 1987, IEEE Catalog no. 87CH2387-9, p. 1049.
M. A. Furman, "Bunch-Length Dependence of Power Loss for the SSC" (PDF), SSC-N-143, May 1986 (includes minor revisions: 11/99; 2/02).
M. A. Furman, "Practical Formula for Bunch Power Loss in Resonators of Almost Arbitrary Quality Factor" (PDF), SSC-N-142, May 1986 (includes minor revisions: 10/99; 2/02).
M. A. Furman, "Results of Coherent Dipole Beam-Beam Interaction Studies for SSC Lattices" (scanned PDF), SSC-62, May 1986.
M. A. Furman and A. W. Chao, "Effect of Long-Range Beam-Beam Interactions on the Stability of Coherent Dipole Motion" (scanned PDF), SSC-28, April 1985; Proc. PAC85, Vancouver, BC, May 13-16, 1985, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science NS-32 no. 5, p. 2297, October 1985.
E. Forest and M. Furman, "Algebraic Theory of Beam-Beam Interactions in the Thin Lens Model" (scanned PDF), SSC-32, August 1985.
S. Peggs, M. Furman and A. Chao, "A Possible Screening Procedure for Random Multipole Field Errors Before Tracking Studies" (scanned PDF), SSC-20, April 1985.
Miguel Furman, "Simple Method to Symplectify Matrices" (scanned PDF), SSC-6, January 1985.
M. A. Furman, "Study of a Nonleading QCD Correction to Hadron Calorimeter Reactions, Nucl. Phys. B197, 413 (1982).
M. A. Furman, "Large QCD Corrections to Hadron Calorimeter Reactions," Phys. Lett. 98B, 99 (1981).
A. Duncan and M. A. Furman, "Monte-Carlo Calculation with Fermions: the Schwinger Model", Nucl. Phys. B190, 767 (1981).
R. K. Ellis, M. A. Furman, H. E. Haber and I. Hinchliffe, "Large Corrections to High Transverse Momentum Hadron-Hadron Scattering in QCD", Nucl. Phys. B173, 397 (1980).
M. Chanowitz, M. Furman and I. Hinchliffe, "The Axial Current in Dimensional Regularization", Nucl. Phys. B159, 225 (1979).
M. S. Chanowitz, M. A. Furman and I. Hinchliffe, "Weak Interactions of Ultra-Heavy Fermions. II", Nucl. Phys. B153, 402 (1979).
M. S. Chanowitz, M. A. Furman and I. Hinchliffe, "Weak Interactions of Ultra-Heavy Fermions", Phys. Lett. 78B, 285 (1978).
Richard C. Brower, Miguel A. Furman and Moshe Moshe, "Critical Exponents for the Reggeon Quantum Spin Model", Phys. Lett. 76B, 213 (1978).
Richard C. Brower, Miguel A. Furman, and Krishnappa Subbarao, "Quantum Spin Model for Reggeon Field Theory", Phys. Rev. D15, 1756 (1977).
M. Nauenberg, F. Kuttner, and M. Furman, "Method for Evaluating One-Dimensional Path Integrals", Phys. Rev. A13, 1185 (1976).
M. A. Furman and G. J. Komen, "Scaling Behavior of Charged Spin-One Partons in a Gauge Model", Nucl. Phys. B84, 323 (1975).